宾语从句全攻略
一、什么是宾语从句？
一个句子充当另一个句子的宾语，这个句子就叫宾语从句。
简单句： I know the answer. （名词作宾语） 宾语从句： I know that he is right. （句子作宾语）
二、三要素
宾语从句要注意三个要素：引导词、语序、时态。
要素1：引导词
| 从句类型 | 引导词 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| 陈述句 | that（可省略） | I think (that) he is right. |
| 一般疑问句 | if / whether | I wonder if he will come. |
| 特殊疑问句 | wh-词 | Do you know where he lives? |
whether和if的区别：在不定式前、介词后、与or not连用时，只能用whether。
要素2：语序
宾语从句必须用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）：
❌ I don't know where is he going. ✅ I don't know where he is going.
❌ Can you tell me what time is it? ✅ Can you tell me what time it is?
要素3：时态呼应
| 主句时态 | 从句时态 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| 现在时 | 根据需要 | He says he likes music. |
| 过去时 | 相应的过去时 | He said he liked music. |
| 过去时（真理） | 一般现在时 | He said the earth goes around the sun. |
三、注意事项
1. that不能省略的情况
双宾语中：
✅ He told me that he was right.
2. 否定转移
当主句是 I think / I believe / I suppose 时，否定要转移到主句：
❌ I think he is not right. ✅ I don't think he is right.
3. 疑问词+不定式
宾语从句可以简化成"疑问词+不定式"结构：
I don't know what I should do. = I don't know what to do.
四、实战练习
合并句子：
- He is a doctor. (I think...)
- Where does she live? (Do you know...?)
- Will it rain tomorrow? (I wonder...)
- I told him. I can't go. (合并为宾语从句)
答案： 1. I think (that) he is a doctor. 2. Do you know where she lives? 3. I wonder if/whether it will rain tomorrow. 4. I told him that I couldn't go.