小学四年级英语：What Time Is It?——时间表达法
适用于小学四年级英语课本同步学习
一、What Time Is It? 基本句型
在英语中，询问"几点了？"最常用的句型是：
What time is it?（几点了？）
回答时用：
It's + 时间.（现在是……点。）
举例：
| 问句 | 答句 |
|---|---|
| What time is it? | It's six o'clock.（六点整。） |
| What time is it? | It's ten thirty.（十点三十分。） |
| What time is it? | It's two fifteen.（两点十五分。） |
💡 小提示： "It's" 是 "It is" 的缩写；"o'clock" 是 "of the clock" 的缩写，意思是"……点钟"。
也可以问：
What's the time? （几点了？）
这两个句子意思一样，可以互换使用。
二、整点、半点、刻钟表达法
1. 整点表达
| 时间 | 英语表达 | 中文意思 |
|---|---|---|
| 7:00 | seven o'clock | 七点整 |
| 9:00 | nine o'clock | 九点整 |
| 12:00 | twelve o'clock | 十二点整 |
| 3:00 | three o'clock | 三点整 |
公式： 数字 + o'clock
⚠️ 注意： o'clock 只能用于整点，不能用于半点或刻钟的时间。
2. 半点表达
半小时 = half
| 时间 | 英语表达 | 中文意思 |
|---|---|---|
| 7:30 | half past seven | 七点半 |
| 9:30 | half past nine | 九点半 |
| 1:30 | half past one | 一点半 |
| 5:30 | half past five | 五点半 |
公式： half past + 数字（表示"过去……小时的一半"）
3. 刻钟表达（15分钟 / 45分钟）
一刻钟（15分钟）= quarter
| 时间 | 英语表达 | 中文意思 |
|---|---|---|
| 6:15 | a quarter past six | 六点十五分（六点过一刻） |
| 9:15 | a quarter past nine | 九点十五分（九点过一刻） |
| 6:45 | a quarter to seven | 六点四十五分（差一刻到七点） |
| 9:45 | a quarter to ten | 九点四十五分（差一刻到十点） |
公式：
- 过去式（1-30分钟）：分钟 + past + 小时
- 差式（31-59分钟）：（60-分钟数）+ to + （小时+1）
a quarter past ... = ……点过一刻 a quarter to ... = 差一刻到……点
4. 整时间表达总结表
| 时间 | 英语表达（口语） | 英语表达（直接读） | 中文 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2:00 | two o'clock | two o'clock | 两点整 |
| 2:05 | five past two | two oh five | 两点零五分 |
| 2:10 | ten past two | two ten | 两点十分 |
| 2:15 | a quarter past two | two fifteen | 两点十五分 |
| 2:20 | twenty past two | two twenty | 两点二十分 |
| 2:25 | twenty-five past two | two twenty-five | 两点二十五分 |
| 2:30 | half past two | two thirty | 两点三十分 |
| 2:35 | twenty-five to three | two thirty-five | 两点三十五分 |
| 2:40 | twenty to three | two forty | 两点四十分 |
| 2:45 | a quarter to three | two forty-five | 两点四十五分 |
| 2:50 | ten to three | two fifty | 两点五十分 |
| 2:55 | five to three | two fifty-five | 两点五十五分 |
三、上午/下午（a.m. / p.m.）表达
英语中为了区分上午和下午，使用 a.m. 和 p.m.。
| 缩写 | 全称 | 中文意思 |
|---|---|---|
| a.m. | ante meridiem（拉丁语） | 上午（午夜12点到中午12点） |
| p.m. | post meridiem（拉丁语） | 下午（中午12点到午夜12点） |
举例
| 时间 | 英语表达 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 7:00 a.m. | It's seven o'clock in the morning. | 早上七点 |
| 8:30 a.m. | It's half past eight in the morning. | 早上八点半 |
| 12:00 p.m. | It's twelve o'clock at noon. | 中午十二点 |
| 3:15 p.m. | It's a quarter past three in the afternoon. | 下午三点十五分 |
| 6:45 p.m. | It's a quarter to seven in the evening. | 晚上六点四十五分 |
| 9:30 p.m. | It's half past nine at night. | 晚上九点半 |
日常对应词汇
| 英语 | 中文 | 大致时间范围 |
|---|---|---|
| in the morning | 在早上 | 6:00 a.m. — 12:00 p.m. |
| at noon | 在中午 | 12:00 p.m. |
| in the afternoon | 在下午 | 12:00 p.m. — 6:00 p.m. |
| in the evening | 在傍晚/晚上 | 6:00 p.m. — 9:00 p.m. |
| at night | 在夜里 | 9:00 p.m. — 12:00 a.m. |
四、日常活动时间安排（联系实际）
小明的一天（One Day）：
| 时间 | 活动（English） | 活动（中文） |
|---|---|---|
| 7:00 a.m. | I get up at seven o'clock. | 我七点起床。 |
| 7:30 a.m. | I have breakfast at half past seven. | 我七点半吃早餐。 |
| 8:00 a.m. | I go to school at eight o'clock. | 我八点去上学。 |
| 12:00 p.m. | I have lunch at twelve o'clock at noon. | 我中午十二点吃午饭。 |
| 4:00 p.m. | I go home at four o'clock in the afternoon. | 我下午四点回家。 |
| 5:00 p.m. | I do my homework at five o'clock. | 我五点做作业。 |
| 6:30 p.m. | I have dinner at half past six in the evening. | 我傍晚六点半吃晚饭。 |
| 8:00 p.m. | I watch TV at eight o'clock in the evening. | 我晚上八点看电视。 |
| 9:00 p.m. | I go to bed at nine o'clock at night. | 我晚上九点去睡觉。 |
情景对话
对话一 Tom: What time is it, Mike? Mike: It's seven o'clock. Time to get up! Tom: OK! I'm getting up now.
对话二 Mom: What time is it now? 小明: It's a quarter past six in the evening. Mom: It's time for dinner. Let's eat! 小明: Great! I'm hungry.
对话三 Amy: What time do you go to school? Lily: I go to school at eight o'clock. What about you? Amy: I go to school at half past seven.
问答句型
问做某事的时间：
What time do you + 动词短语? — I + 动词短语 + at + 时间.
举例：
| 问句 | 答句 |
|---|---|
| What time do you get up? | I get up at seven o'clock. |
| What time do you have breakfast? | I have breakfast at half past seven. |
| What time do you go to school? | I go to school at eight o'clock. |
| What time do you go to bed? | I go to bed at nine o'clock. |
It's time for + 名词 / It's time to + 动词：
It's time for school. = It's time to go to school.（该上学了。） It's time for dinner. = It's time to have dinner.（该吃晚饭了。） It's time for bed. = It's time to go to bed.（该睡觉了。）
五、趣味练习
练习一：看时间写英语
写出下列时间的英语表达（用直接读法或 past/to 法）：
🖐️ 先自己写，再点我查看答案
| 时间 | 参考答案 | |------|---------| | 3:00 | three o'clock | | 5:30 | half past five / five thirty | | 8:15 | a quarter past eight / eight fifteen | | 10:45 | a quarter to eleven / ten forty-five | | 12:00 | twelve o'clock / twelve o'clock at noon | | 2:20 | twenty past two / two twenty | | 7:55 | five to eight / seven fifty-five |练习二：英汉互译
🖐️ 先自己写，再点我查看答案
1. **What time is it?** → 几点了？ 2. **It's half past six.** → 现在是六点半。 3. **我早上七点起床。** → I get up at seven o'clock in the morning. 4. **It's a quarter to eight.** → 现在是差一刻到八点（七点四十五分）。 5. **该上床睡觉了。** → It's time to go to bed. / It's time for bed. 6. **下午三点十五分。** → It's a quarter past three in the afternoon.练习三：连线配对
将左栏的问句与右栏正确的答句连线：
| A（问句） | B（答句） |
|---|---|
| 1. What time is it? | a. I have lunch at twelve o'clock. |
| 2. What time do you get up? | b. It's half past eight. |
| 3. What time do you have lunch? | c. It's time for class. |
| 4. It's eight o'clock now. | d. I get up at seven o'clock. |
🖐️ 先自己做，再点我查看答案
1 → b（What time is it? → It's half past eight.） 2 → d（What time do you get up? → I get up at seven o'clock.） 3 → a（What time do you have lunch? → I have lunch at twelve o'clock.） 4 → c（It's eight o'clock now. → It's time for class.）练习四：时间数学题
用英语写出答案：
- half past eight + 30 minutes = ?
- a quarter past nine + 15 minutes = ?
- ten o'clock - 20 minutes = ?
- a quarter to twelve - 15 minutes = ?
🖐️ 先做计算，再点我查看答案
1. half past eight（8:30）+ 30分钟 = **nine o'clock**（9:00） 2. a quarter past nine（9:15）+ 15分钟 = **half past nine / nine thirty**（9:30） 3. ten o'clock（10:00）- 20分钟 = **twenty to ten / nine forty**（9:40） 4. a quarter to twelve（11:45）- 15分钟 = **half past eleven / eleven thirty**（11:30）六、课后作业
📝 作业一：写一写你的时间表
仿照"小明的一天"，用英语写出你自己的日常时间安排（至少写6个活动）。
模板：
My Day
1. I get up at __________.
2. I have breakfast at __________.
3. I go to school at __________.
4. I have lunch at __________.
5. I go home at __________.
6. I do my homework at __________.
7. I have dinner at __________.
8. I go to bed at __________.
📝 作业二：用英语画出你的钟表
画4个钟表图，分别表示：
- 你起床的时间
- 你上学的时间
- 你吃晚饭的时间
- 你睡觉的时间
在每个钟表下方用英语写一句话。
📝 作业三：对话编写
用英语写一段3-5轮的对话，内容要包含"询问时间"和"某个活动的时间安排"。
📝 作业四：改错题
找出下面句子中的错误并改正：
- It's half to seven.
- I go to school at seven o'clock a.m. in the morning.
- What time is it? It's a quarter to two fifteen.
- It's time for go to bed.
- I get up at half past seven o'clock.
🖐️ 先自己改，再点我查看答案
1. ❌ half to seven → ✅ **half past seven**（半点用 past，不用 to） 2. ❌ seven o'clock a.m. in the morning → ✅ **seven o'clock in the morning** 或 **7:00 a.m.**（a.m. 和 in the morning 重复，删掉一个） 3. ❌ a quarter to two fifteen → ✅ **a quarter to two** 或 **one forty-five**（两种表达方式混在一起了） 4. ❌ It's time for go to bed → ✅ **It's time to go to bed**（for + 名词，to + 动词原形） 5. ❌ half past seven o'clock → ✅ **half past seven**（o'clock 不能和 half past 一起用，o'clock 只用于整点）本课重点词汇表
| 英语 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| time | 时间 |
| o'clock | ……点钟 |
| half | 一半，半点 |
| quarter | 一刻钟（15分钟） |
| past | 超过，过去 |
| to | 差……（时间） |
| a.m. | 上午 |
| p.m. | 下午 |
| morning | 早上 |
| afternoon | 下午 |
| evening | 傍晚、晚上 |
| night | 夜晚 |
| get up | 起床 |
| go to school | 上学 |
| go home | 回家 |
| have breakfast | 吃早餐 |
| have lunch | 吃午餐 |
| have dinner | 吃晚餐 |
| do homework | 做作业 |
| watch TV | 看电视 |
| go to bed | 上床睡觉 |
| What time is it? | 几点了？ |
| It's time for... | 该……了 |
| It's time to... | 该……了 |
🌟 鼓励的话： 时间表达是日常生活中最常用的英语之一！每天看一看钟表，用英语问自己"What time is it?"，很快就能熟练掌握啦！加油！💪