四年级英语：There be句型——某处有某物

📅 2026-06-01

There be句型——某处有某物

知识点讲解

There be句型是英语中非常重要的句型，用来表达"某处有某人/某物"。这个句型在日常生活和学习中非常常用，掌握好There be句型，可以帮助你更好地用英语描述身边的事物和环境。

一、基本结构

肯定句结构： There be + 名词 + 地点状语

中文意思 英文句子
桌子上有一本书。 There is a book on the desk.
教室里有很多学生。 There are many students in the classroom.
书包里有一支钢笔。 There is a pen in the bag.
树上有很多苹果。 There are many apples on the tree.
冰箱里有一些牛奶。 There is some milk in the fridge.
我家前面有一棵大树。 There is a big tree in front of my house.

二、is 还是 are？

这是There be句型最重要的规则！很多同学经常在这里犯错，我们一定要弄清楚。

规则： be动词的单复数取决于紧跟在后面的名词！

后面名词 be动词 例子
单数名词 / 不可数名词 is There is an eraser in the pencil case.
复数名词 are There are two cats under the table.
多个名词并列（就近原则） 与第一个名词保持一致 There is a pen and three pencils on the desk. / There are three pencils and a pen on the desk.

💡 小口诀： There be跟名词，单数is来复数are； 多个名词一起用，就近原则要牢记！

举例说明： - There is a pencil and two rulers on the desk.（第一个名词a pencil是单数，所以用is） - There are two rulers and a pencil on the desk.（第一个名词two rulers是复数，所以用are）

三、否定句和疑问句

否定句：在be动词后加not

肯定句 否定句
There is a book on the desk. There is not (isn't) a book on the desk.
There are some apples in the basket. There are not (aren't) any apples in the basket.

注意： 否定句中，some要变成any。这是因为some一般用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句。

一般疑问句：把be动词提到句首

肯定句 一般疑问句 简短回答
There is a book on the desk. Is there a book on the desk? Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
There are some apples. Are there any apples? Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.

特殊疑问句

疑问词 含义 例子
What 什么 What is in your schoolbag?（你的书包里有什么？）
How many 多少（可数） How many books are there on the desk?（桌子上有多少本书？）
How much 多少（不可数） How much water is there in the bottle?（瓶子里有多少水？）

四、There be vs. Have/Has

很多同学容易混淆There be和have/has，记住它们的区别就再也不会错了：

句型 含义 例子
There be "某处有某物"（强调存在） There is a school in my neighbourhood.
have/has "某人有某物"（强调拥有） I have a new schoolbag. / She has a lovely cat.

关键区别： There be = "存在"，have/has = "拥有"。

不能说：There has a book on the desk. ❌ 应该说：There is a book on the desk. ✓

对比练习： - There is a computer in the room.（房间里有一台电脑。——强调电脑"存在"于房间） - I have a computer.（我有一台电脑。——强调电脑是"我拥有的"）

五、There be句型的时态变化

There be句型还可以用于不同的时态：

时态 结构 例子
一般现在时 There is / are There is a park near my home.
一般过去时 There was / were There was a big tree here before.
一般将来时 There will be There will be a new library next year.

例题讲解

例题1：选词填空（is / are）

  1. There ___ a pencil in the pencil case.
  2. There ___ many flowers in the garden.
  3. There ___ some milk in the glass.
  4. There ___ two dogs and a cat in the yard.
  5. There ___ a cat and two dogs in the yard.

解答： ① is（pencil是单数名词） ② are（flowers是复数名词） ③ is（milk是不可数名词） ④ are（第一个名词two dogs是复数，就近原则） ⑤ is（第一个名词a cat是单数，就近原则）

例题2：按要求改写句子

原句：There are some birds in the tree.

(1) 改为否定句： 答案： There aren't any birds in the tree. 注意：some要变成any

(2) 改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答： 答案： Are there any birds in the tree? Yes, there are.

(3) 对"in the tree"提问： 答案： Where are the birds?

例题3：改错

找出下列句子中的错误并改正：

  1. There have a book on the desk. ❌ have → ✅ is 改正： There is a book on the desk.

  2. There are some water in the bottle. ❌ are → ✅ is（water不可数名词） 改正： There is some water in the bottle.

  3. Is there any milk in the glass? Yes, there are. ❌ are → ✅ is（milk不可数名词） 改正： Yes, there is.

  4. There is two apples on the table. ❌ is → ✅ are（apples是复数） 改正： There are two apples on the table.

  5. There aren't some students in the classroom. ❌ some → ✅ any（否定句用any） 改正： There aren't any students in the classroom.

趣味练习

🎯 点击展开练习一：看图填词 根据描述，用There is / There are完成句子： 1. ___________ a blackboard in the classroom. 2. ___________ thirty desks in the classroom. 3. ___________ a teacher's desk in front of the blackboard. 4. ___________ some flowers on the teacher's desk. 5. ___________ a map of China on the wall. **参考答案：** ① There is ② There are ③ There is ④ There are ⑤ There is **解析：** 判断用is还是are，关键是看紧跟在There后面的名词是单数还是复数。blackboard是单数→is；desks是复数→are；teacher's desk是单数→is；flowers是复数→are；map是单数→is。
🎯 点击展开练习二：中译英 1. 我的房间里有一张床和一张书桌。 2. 冰箱里有一些牛奶和一些鸡蛋。 3. 操场上有很多孩子在踢足球。 4. 树下没有鸟。 5. 你的书包里有什么？ **参考答案：** ① There is a bed and a desk in my room. *（a bed是单数，用is，就近原则）* ② There is some milk and some eggs in the fridge. *（milk是不可数名词，用is，就近原则）* ③ There are many children playing football on the playground. *（children是复数，用are）* ④ There are no birds under the tree. / There aren't any birds under the tree. *（birds是复数，用are；否定句用any）* ⑤ What is in your schoolbag? *（特殊疑问句，what作主语时be动词用is）*
🎯 点击展开练习三：小短文填空 阅读下面短文，用所给词的适当形式填空（is, are, isn't, aren't）： This ___ (1) my bedroom. It's small but nice. There ___ (2) a bed near the window. There ___ (3) a desk and a chair next to the bed. There ___ (4) some books on the desk. There ___ (5) any toys on the floor, but there ___ (6) a cute teddy bear on my bed. There ___ (7) two pictures on the wall. I love my room! **参考答案：** ① is ② is ③ is ④ are ⑤ aren't ⑥ is ⑦ are **解析：** ① "This is..." 固定搭配 ② a bed是单数 → is ③ a desk是单数 → 就近原则用is ④ books是复数 → are ⑤ toys是复数 + 否定句 → aren't ⑥ a teddy bear是单数 → is ⑦ two pictures是复数 → are
🎯 点击展开练习四：改错小能手 找出下列句子中的错误并改正： 1. There is two cats under the chair. 2. There are a book on the desk. 3. There isn't some milk in the fridge. 4. Is there any apples on the tree? 5. There have many students in the classroom. **参考答案：** 1. is → are（cats是复数） 2. are → is（a book是单数） 3. some → any（否定句用any） 4. Is → Are（apples是复数） 5. have → are（There be句型不用have）

课后作业

⭐ 基础题

  1. 用There is或There are填空：
  2. _____ a library in our school.
  3. _____ 26 letters in the English alphabet.
  4. _____ a big tree behind the house.
  5. _____ many animals in the zoo.
  6. _____ some orange juice in the cup.

  7. _____ a girl and two boys in the room.

  8. 将下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句，并做肯定回答和否定回答：

  9. There is a book on the desk.

  10. There are some flowers in the garden.

  11. 用英语写出下列句子：

  12. 墙上有一幅画。
  13. 我的铅笔盒里有三支铅笔。
  14. 树下有一只小狗。

⭐⭐ 提高题

  1. 用所给单词组成句子：
  2. is, in, there, a, park, the, city (.)
  3. are, on, there, how, desk, many, the, books (?)
  4. any, aren't, there, in, students, the, library (.)

  5. a, there, and, is, desk, two, chairs, in, room, the (.)

  6. 阅读短文，判断正误（T/F）：

There is a big playground in our school. There are many trees around the playground. There is a sports field next to the playground. There are two basketball courts behind the sports field. There isn't a swimming pool in our school.

  • ( ) There is a small playground in the school.
  • ( ) There are many trees around the playground.
  • ( ) There is a swimming pool in the school.
  • ( ) There are two basketball courts.

⭐⭐⭐ 挑战题

  1. 写作练习：写一段话（6-8句话），描述你的教室或你的房间。要求：
  2. 使用至少5个There be句型（包括肯定句和否定句）
  3. 包含单数和复数名词
  4. 简单描述房间里的人和物

  5. 尝试使用一些方位词（on, in, under, behind, next to, near等）

  6. 对比练习：用There be和have/has各造两个句子，说明它们的不同用法，并写一段话解释它们的区别。