Present Continuous Tense（现在进行时）
知识点讲解
现在进行时表示正在发生或正在进行的动作，是英语中最常用的时态之一。比如当你说"I am reading"时，就表示"我正在读书"。
一、现在进行时的构成
句型结构：主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式
| 主语 | be动词 | 动词-ing | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I (我) | am | reading | I am reading a book. |
| He / She / It (他/她/它) | is | singing | She is singing a song. |
| We / You / They (我们/你/他们) | are | playing | They are playing football. |
二、动词-ing的变化规则
| 情况 | 变化规则 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| 一般情况下 | 直接加-ing | play → playing, read → reading |
| 以不发音e结尾 | 去e加-ing | make → making, write → writing |
| 重读闭音节结尾 | 双写末尾字母加-ing | run → running, swim → swimming |
| 以ie结尾 | ie变y加-ing | lie → lying, die → dying |
记忆口诀： 现在进行时，be加动词ing。e结尾去掉e，重读闭音节要双写，ie变成y再加ing。
三、标志词
以下关键词提示要用现在进行时：
| 标志词 | 中文意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| now | 现在 | I am eating now. |
| look | 看（提醒注意） | Look! The bird is flying. |
| listen | 听（提醒注意） | Listen! Someone is singing. |
| at the moment | 此刻 | He is sleeping at the moment. |
例1：Listen! The teacher is talking to the class. 例2：My mother is cooking dinner now. 例3：Look! The boys are playing basketball on the playground.
四、肯定句、否定句和疑问句
| 句型 | 结构 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定句 | 主语 + be + v-ing | He is drawing a picture. |
| 否定句 | 主语 + be + not + v-ing | He is not drawing a picture. |
| 一般疑问句 | Be + 主语 + v-ing? | Is he drawing a picture? |
否定句注意： be动词后加not，可以缩写为 isn't / aren't / 'm not。 疑问句注意： 把be动词提到主语前面，句尾加问号。
趣味练习
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**一、用所给词的适当形式填空** 1. My sister __________ (dance) in the room now. 2. Listen! The birds __________ (sing) in the tree. 3. The children __________ (swim) in the pool at the moment. 4. Look! Tom __________ (ride) a bike. **二、改写句子** 1. He is reading a book.（改为否定句） → ________________________________ 2. They are playing chess.（改为一般疑问句） → ________________________________ 3. She is cooking dinner.（对划线部分提问） → ________________________________ **三、英译中** 1. I am writing a letter to my friend. → ________________________________ 2. The cat is sleeping under the table. → ________________________________ **答案提示：** - 一、1. is dancing 2. are singing 3. are swimming 4. is riding - 二、1. He is not reading a book. 2. Are they playing chess? 3. What is she doing? - 三、1. 我正在给朋友写信。 2. 猫正在桌子下面睡觉。课后作业
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**基础题（★★☆☆☆）** 1. 写出下列动词的-ing形式： - do → ______ - have → ______ - sit → ______ - write → ______ - run → ______ 2. 选择填空： - She ______ (is / are) reading a magazine. - We ______ (is / are) having lunch now. - I ______ (am / is) doing my homework. **提高题（★★★☆☆）** 3. 用所给词完成句子： - The dog __________ (run) after a cat now. - My parents __________ (watch) TV in the living room. - Look! It __________ (rain) outside. 4. 翻译句子： - 妈妈正在厨房做饭。 - 孩子们正在操场上踢足球。 **挑战题（★★★★☆）** 5. 看图写话：请你用3-5句话描述下面这个场景（用现在进行时）： > 提示：一个公园的场景，有孩子在放风筝（fly a kite），有老人在打太极（do Tai Chi），有小狗在跑。 6. 用现在进行时写一段30词左右的短文，描述你家人在晚上8点时的活动。五、现在进行时的特殊用法
1. 表示近期正在进行的动作
现在进行时不仅可以表示说话时正在进行的动作，还可以表示现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时不一定在做）。
例4：I am reading a very interesting book these days.（我最近在读一本很有趣的书——不一定现在正在读）
例5：We are learning Unit 5 this week.（这周我们在学习第五单元）
2. 表示将来的安排
有些动词（如come, go, leave, arrive, start等）的现在进行时可以表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。
例6：We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow.（我们明天要去北京了。）
例7：The train is arriving at 6 o'clock.（火车将在6点到站。）
常见这类动词：
| 动词 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| come | 来 | My aunt is coming to dinner tonight. |
| go | 去 | I'm going to the zoo this weekend. |
| leave | 离开 | The bus is leaving in five minutes. |
| arrive | 到达 | The plane is arriving at 3 p.m. |
六、现在进行时 VS 一般现在时
这是同学们最容易混淆的知识点，让我们来对比一下：
| 对比项目 | 现在进行时 | 一般现在时 |
|---|---|---|
| 表示动作 | 正在进行的动作 | 经常、习惯性的动作 |
| 时间词 | now, look, listen, at the moment | always, usually, often, sometimes, every day |
| 结构 | be + v-ing | 动词原形 / 动词-s/es |
| 例句 | She is reading now. | She reads every day. |
| 例句 | They are playing football. | They play football on Sundays. |
判断口诀： 经常做，习惯做，一般现在时不错。 正在做，现在做，现在进行时别错过。
对比练习：
-
She usually _ (get) up at 6:30. But now she _ (get) up at 7:00 because it's Sunday. → gets, is getting
-
We _ (have) English class every Monday. Listen! The teacher _ (teach) us now. → have, is teaching
-
Tom _ (like) swimming. Look! He _ (swim) in the pool. → likes, is swimming
七、常见错误及纠正
| 错误类型 | 错误句子 | 正确句子 | 解释 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 忘记be动词 | He reading a book. | He is reading a book. | 现在进行时必须有be动词 |
| be动词用错 | I is watching TV. | I am watching TV. | I用am，he/she/it用is，复数用are |
| v-ing形式错误 | She is runing. | She is running. | 重读闭音节要双写 |
| 非延续动词 | I am knowing him. | I know him. (一般现在时) | know等表示状态的词不用进行时 |
不需要用进行时的动词（状态动词）： - 感觉类：see, hear, smell, taste, feel - 情感类：like, love, hate, want, wish - 思维类：know, understand, believe, think（表示意见时） - 拥有类：have, own, belong to
例8：I want a new bike.（✅ 不用 am wanting） 例9：This book belongs to me.（✅ 不用 is belonging）
八、情景对话练习
场景一：打电话
A: Hello! What are you doing now? B: Hi! I am doing my homework. What about you? A: I am watching TV. It's really funny! B: Sounds great! But I have to finish my homework first.
场景二：在公园里
A: Look! What are the children doing over there? B: Some boys are flying kites, and some girls are playing hide-and-seek. A: Is that your little brother? B: Yes, he is running after a butterfly!
九、语法拓展——现在分词变化全表
| 单词结尾 | 变化规则 | 原形 → v-ing |
|---|---|---|
| 一般情况 | 直接加-ing | play → playing, go → going, do → doing |
| 以e结尾（不发音） | 去e加-ing | make → making, dance → dancing, come → coming |
| 以ee结尾 | 直接加-ing | see → seeing, agree → agreeing |
| 单个辅音字母结尾（重读闭音节） | 双写末尾辅音加-ing | run → running, swim → swimming, get → getting, put → putting, sit → sitting, begin → beginning |
| 以ie结尾 | ie变y加-ing | lie → lying, die → dying, tie → tying |
| 以c结尾 | 加k再加-ing | picnic → picnicking, traffic → trafficking |
| 以l结尾（英式英语） | 双写l加-ing | travel → travelling, cancel → cancelling |
十、课后拓展阅读
A Busy Day in the Park
It's a sunny Sunday afternoon. Many people are in the park. Some children are flying kites in the sky. The kites are flying high like colorful birds. Two boys are playing soccer on the grass. They are running and laughing happily.
Under a big tree, an old man is reading a newspaper. Next to him, his wife is feeding the pigeons. The pigeons are eating the bread happily. Near the lake, a family is having a picnic. The mother is putting food on the table while the father is taking photos.
Look! A little girl is chasing a butterfly. The butterfly is flying from flower to flower. What a busy and happy day in the park!
New Words（生词）： - pigeon /ˈpɪdʒɪn/ 鸽子 - butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/ 蝴蝶 - chase /tʃeɪs/ 追赶 - feed /fiːd/ 喂食 - picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ 野餐
❓ Reading Comprehension（阅读理解）：
- What day is it? → It's Sunday.
- How many children are flying kites? → Some children are flying kites.
- What is the old man doing? → He is reading a newspaper.
- What is the little girl doing? → She is chasing a butterfly.
十一、复习要点总结
- ✅ 结构公式： be (am/is/are) + 动词-ing
- ✅ 关键词： now, look, listen, at the moment
- ✅ 变化规则： 直接加-ing / 去e加-ing / 双写加-ing / ie变y加-ing
- ✅ 否定句： be + not + v-ing
- ✅ 疑问句： Be + 主语 + v-ing?
- ✅ 特殊用法： 现阶段进行、将来安排
- ✅ 对比区分： 现在进行时 vs 一般现在时
Keep practicing! You can do it! 💪