三年级英语重点：一般现在时（Simple Present）详解

📅 2026-06-28

三年级英语重点：一般现在时（Simple Present）详解

一、知识点讲解

1. 什么是一般现在时？

一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）是英语中最基本的时态，用来表示经常发生的动作、存在的状态、习惯或客观事实。

什么时候用一般现在时？

（1）经常性或习惯性的动作： - I get up at 7 o'clock every day.（我每天七点起床。） - She goes to school by bus.（她坐公交车上学。） - We play football on Sundays.（我们每周日踢足球。）

（2）客观事实或普遍真理： - The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。） - Water freezes at 0°C.（水在零度结冰。）

（3）目前的状态或特征： - I am a student.（我是一名学生。） - She has long hair.（她有长头发。） - He likes reading books.（他喜欢读书。）

2. 动词第三人称单数变化规则

当主语是 he/she/it 或单个人/物时，动词要变化：

规则 变化 例词 例句
一般动词 加 -s play→plays, run→runs, read→reads He plays football.
以 s,x,sh,ch,o 结尾 加 -es go→goes, watch→watches, wash→washes She watches TV.
辅音字母+y 结尾 变 y 为 i 加 -es fly→flies, study→studies He studies hard.
元音字母+y 结尾 直接加 -s play→plays, say→says She plays piano.
have 变为 has have→has She has a dog.
be 变为 is be→is He is tall.

3. 句型结构

一般现在时的三种基本句型：

句型 结构 例子
肯定句 主语 + 动词（第三人称单数加s/es） I like apples. / She likes apples.
否定句 主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形 I don't like apples. / She doesn't like apples.
一般疑问句 Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形？ Do you like apples? / Does she like apples?
肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + do/does Yes, I do. / Yes, she does.
否定回答 No, 主语 + don't/doesn't No, I don't. / No, she doesn't.

否定句用法详解： - I/you/we/they 或复数名词时，用 don't + 动词原形。如：I don't like coffee. - he/she/it 或单数名词时，用 doesn't + 动词原形。如：She doesn't watch TV.

疑问句用法详解： - I/you/we/they 或复数名词，句首用 Do。如：Do you like apples? - he/she/it 或单数名词，句首用 Does。如：Does Tom like music?

4. 常用的时间状语

一般现在时常与以下时间状语连用：

时间状语 含义 例句
every day 每天 I brush my teeth every day.
every week 每周 She visits her grandma every week.
every morning 每天早上 He reads English every morning.
on Sundays 在每周日 We go to the park on Sundays.
always 总是 She always gets up early.
usually 通常 I usually walk to school.
often 经常 They often play together.
sometimes 有时 He sometimes watches TV.
never 从不 She never eats junk food.
in the morning 在早上 I do exercise in the morning.
at night 在晚上 He reads books at night.

二、典型例题

例题1：用所给词填空

(1) My father _____ (read) newspapers every morning. 答案：reads（主语第三人称单数 read 加 -s）。

(2) They _____ (go) to school by bus. 答案：go。主语 They 是复数，动词用原形。

(3) She _____ (have) a cute dog. 答案：has。have 的第三人称单数形式是特殊的 has。

(4) The cat _____ (like) fish very much. 答案：likes。The cat 是第三人称单数，like 加 -s。

(5) Mike _____ (study) English every day. 答案：studies。study 以辅音字母 y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -es。

(6) I _____ (do) my homework at 7 o'clock. 答案：do。主语 I 是第一人称单数，但动词用原形（只有第三称单数才需要变化）。

(7) The girl _____ (watch) TV after dinner. 答案：watches。watch 以 ch 结尾，加 -es。

(8) My parents _____ (work) in a hospital. 答案：work。主语 My parents 是复数，动词用原形。

例题2：改为否定句

(1) She watches TV in the evening. 否定句：She doesn't watch TV in the evening.（doesn't 后面动词回归原形）

(2) They go to school by bus. 否定句：They don't go to school by bus.

(3) He has breakfast at 7:00. 否定句：He doesn't have breakfast at 7:00.（has 回归原形 have）

例题3：改为一般疑问句并回答

(1) She reads books in the library. 疑问句：Does she read books in the library? 肯定回答：Yes, she does. 否定回答：No, she doesn't.

(2) They play football after school. 疑问句：Do they play football after school? 肯定回答：Yes, they do. 否定回答：No, they don't.

(3) Tom likes swimming. 疑问句：Does Tom like swimming? 肯定回答：Yes, he does. 否定回答：No, he doesn't.

例题4：根据问句选答句

(1) Do you like apples? A. Yes, I do. B. Yes, she does. 答案：A (2) Does Tom play football? A. Yes, he do. B. Yes, he does. 答案：B (3) Do they go to school? A. Yes, they do. B. Yes, he does. 答案：A (4) Does your mother like cooking? A. Yes, she does. B. Yes, she likes. 答案：A

三、常见误区

❌ 误区一：主语是第三人称单数时忘加 -s/-es。 错误：He like apples. 正确：He likes apples.

❌ 误区二：doesn't/Does 后面还加 -s/-es。 错误：She doesn't likes dogs. 正确：She doesn't like dogs. 记住：doesn't 本身已体现第三人称，后面动词用原形。

❌ 误区三：把 have 变成 haves。 错误：She haves a cat. 正确：She has a cat. have 的第三人称单数是特殊变化 has。

❌ 误区四：混淆 do 和 does 在疑问句中的用法。 错误：Does you like apples? 正确：Do you like apples? 主语 you/I/we/they 用 Do，he/she/it 用 Does。

❌ 误区五：go/do 忘加 -es。 错误：She go to school. 正确：She goes to school.

四、趣味练习

点击展开练习 ### 圈出正确答案 1. Tom (like / likes) playing football. 2. My sister (go / goes) to school by bike. 3. The cat (have / has) two big eyes. 4. We (don't / doesn't) like rainy days. 5. (Do / Does) she read books every day? 6. Mike (study / studies) in the library.
查看答案 1. likes（Tom 是第三人称单数） 2. goes（My sister 是第三人称单数） 3. has（have 的特殊变化） 4. don't（We 是复数） 5. Does（she 是第三人称单数） 6. studies（Mike 是第三人称单数，study 变 y 为 i 加 -es）
### 连词成句 1. does / get up / she / at six / every day / ? 2. don't / I / like / getting up / early 3. breakfast / has / he / at seven / always 4. go / they / to school / by bus / do / ?
查看答案 1. Does she get up at six every day? 2. I don't like getting up early. 3. He always has breakfast at seven. 4. Do they go to school by bus?
### 改错题 找出下面句子中的错误并改正： 1. He go to school at 8:00. 2. She don't like cats. 3. Does they play football? 4. I likes reading books.
查看答案 1. go -> goes（He 是第三人称单数） 2. don't -> doesn't（She 是第三人称单数） 3. Does -> Do（they 是复数） 4. likes -> like（I 不是第三人称单数）

五、课后作业

基础题

  1. 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式： play → _ watch → study → have → _ go → do → wash → _ fly → ___
  2. 用所给动词的正确形式填空： (1) The boy _ (draw) a picture every weekend. (2) My parents (work) in a hospital. (3) She (wash) her face every morning. (4) The dog _ (run) very fast. (5) We (have) lunch at school. (6) He (go) to bed at 9 o'clock.

提高题

  1. 把下面的句子改为否定句和一般疑问句： (1) She reads books in the library. (2) They play football after school. (3) Mike goes to school by bike.
  2. 用一般现在时写 3 个关于你日常生活的句子，用上 every day、always、sometimes。

挑战题

  1. 下面这段话中有 5 个错误，请找出来并改正： "Mike get up at 7:00. He have breakfast at 7:30. Then he go to school by bus. His mother go to work. They doesn't like to be late."
  2. 写一段短文（至少 5 句），描述 Mike 每天的生活，用一般现在时。
  3. 选词填空：(1) Do/Does your father like sports? (2) My brother don't/doesn't eat meat. (3) Do/Does the children play? (4) She study/studies hard.