There be 句型——描述身边的事物

什么是 There be 句型？

当我们想说"某处有某物"时，英语里最常用的就是 There be 句型。

基本结构： There is/are + 某物 + 某处

一、is 还是 are？

There is + 单数名词/不可数名词

✅ There is a book on the desk. （桌子上有一本书。）
✅ There is some water in the cup. （杯子里有一些水。）

There are + 复数名词

✅ There are three pencils in the bag. （书包里有三支铅笔。）
✅ There are many flowers in the garden. （花园里有很多花。）

有多个物品时：就近原则！

当There be后面有多个名词时，be动词要和离它最近的名词保持一致。

例题1： There ___ a pen and two rulers on the table. - 离be最近的是"a pen"（单数），所以用 is ✅

例题2： There ___ two rulers and a pen on the table. - 离be最近的是"two rulers"（复数），所以用 are ✅

二、否定句和疑问句

否定句：在be动词后加 not

There is not (isn't) a dog in the room.
There are not (aren't) any apples on the tree.

一般疑问句：把be动词提到句首

Is there a library near here? — Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
Are there any birds in the tree? — Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.

三、实战对话

Tom: Look! There is a new playground in our school! Amy: Oh, really? Are there any swings? Tom: Yes, there are. There are two big swings and a slide. Amy: Great! There is also a basketball court, right? Tom: No, there isn't. But there is a football field.

四、常见错误 ❌

漏掉There — ✗ Is a cat under the table. → ✓ There is a cat under the table.
is/are用错 — ✗ There are a book. → ✓ There is a book.
忘记就近原则 — ✗ There are a pen and three books. → ✓ There is a pen and three books.

五、小练习

用 There is / There are 填空： 1. _ a big supermarket near my home. 2. _ five apples on the table. 3. _ some milk in the fridge. 4. _ a desk and two chairs in the room. 5. __ many stars in the sky.

答案： 1. There is 2. There are 3. There is 4. There is 5. There are