⏳ 初一英语：现在进行时完全攻略 — Present Continuous Tense
🎯 一句话搞定概念：现在进行时，就是正在发生的动作！
英语叫 Present Continuous Tense，也叫 Present Progressive Tense。
📖 目录
- 什么是现在进行时？
- 构成规则：be + 动词-ing
- 语法规则一：动词加-ing的四种变法
- 语法规则二：肯定句、否定句、疑问句
- 语法规则三：现在进行时的五种使用场景
- 📊 表格对比：现在进行时 vs 一般现在时
- ⏰ 常见时间标志词
- ⚠️ 易错点提醒
- 🎮 趣味练习
- 📝 课后作业
1. 什么是现在进行时？
现在进行时 表示 此时此刻正在进行的动作，或者 现阶段正在持续的动作。
中文理解：带有"正在……"、"在……呢"的意思。
中英对照示例
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|---|
| 我正在读书。 | I am reading a book. |
| 她正在唱歌。 | She is singing a song. |
| 他们正在踢足球。 | They are playing football. |
| 妈妈正在做饭。 | Mom is cooking dinner. |
| 小鸟在树上唱歌。 | The bird is singing in the tree. |
2. 构成规则：be + 动词-ing
公式：主语 + be动词 (am/is/are) + 动词的现在分词 (-ing形式)
| 主语 | be动词 | 动词-ing | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I (我) | am | doing | I am doing my homework. |
| He/She/It (第三人称单数) | is | reading | He is reading a book. |
| You/We/They (复数) | are | playing | They are playing games. |
🎵 记忆口诀
be随主语变，动词加ing，
问句be提前，否定be后not添！
3. 语法规则一：动词加-ing的四种变法
这是初一学生最容易犯错的地方！记住这张表就够了 👇
| 规则 | 动词原形 | -ing形式 | 口诀 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 规则一：直接加 -ing | do / play / read / sing / eat | doing / playing / reading / singing / eating | 直接加，最简单 |
| 规则二：以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 -ing | make / write / dance / take / have | making / writing / dancing / taking / having | 去e加ing，别忘了 |
| 规则三：重读闭音节（辅+元+辅），双写末尾辅音加 -ing | run / swim / sit / get / put / shop / begin | running / swimming / sitting / getting / putting / shopping / beginning | 辅元辅，双写加 |
| 规则四：以 ie 结尾，变 ie 为 y 再加 -ing | die / lie / tie | dying / lying / tying | ie变y，再加ing |
🔔 小贴士：什么是"重读闭音节"？
就是一个音节里，一个辅音字母 + 一个元音字母 + 一个辅音字母结尾，而且这个音节要重读。
比如：run → running（辅音r + 元音u + 辅音n，双写n再加ing）
📝 更多例子
| 规则 | 动词原形 | -ing形式 |
|---|---|---|
| 规则一 | walk (走路) | walking |
| 规则一 | study (学习) | studying |
| 规则一 | draw (画画) | drawing |
| 规则一 | cook (做饭) | cooking |
| 规则二 | come (来) | coming |
| 规则二 | live (居住) | living |
| 规则二 | write (写) | writing |
| 规则二 | have (有) | having |
| 规则三 | swim (游泳) | swimming |
| 规则三 | run (跑步) | running |
| 规则三 | sit (坐) | sitting |
| 规则三 | get (得到) | getting |
| 规则三 | shop (购物) | shopping |
| 规则三 | begin (开始) | beginning |
| 规则四 | lie (躺) | lying |
| 规则四 | tie (系) | tying |
4. 语法规则二：肯定句、否定句、疑问句
✅ 肯定句
主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing + 其他.
| 主语 | be | 动词-ing | 其他 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | watching | TV now. |
| He | is | sleeping | in his room. |
| They | are | having | lunch. |
| The cat | is | playing | with a ball. |
❌ 否定句
主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词-ing + 其他.
在 be 动词后面加 not！
| 肯定句 | 否定句 |
|---|---|
| I am reading. | I am not reading. |
| She is singing. | She is not (isn't) singing. |
| We are playing. | We are not (aren't) playing. |
| He is running. | He is not (isn't) running. |
💡 缩写形式： - is not = isn't - are not = aren't - am not 没有缩写形式，不能写成 "amn't"
❓ 一般疑问句
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing + 其他?
回答： - 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. - 否定回答：No, 主语 + am/is/are + not.
| 陈述句 | 一般疑问句 | 肯定回答 | 否定回答 |
|---|---|---|---|
| You are studying. | Are you studying? | Yes, I am. | No, I am not. |
| He is sleeping. | Is he sleeping? | Yes, he is. | No, he isn't. |
| They are dancing. | Are they dancing? | Yes, they are. | No, they aren't. |
❓❓ 特殊疑问句
疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词-ing + 其他?
| 疑问词 | be | 主语 | 动词-ing | 中文意思 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| What | are | you | doing? | 你在做什么？ |
| Where | is | he | going? | 他要去哪里？ |
| Who | is | she | talking to? | 她在跟谁说话？ |
| Why | are | they | crying? | 他们为什么在哭？ |
5. 语法规则三：现在进行时的五种使用场景
🎯 场景1：此刻正在进行的动作
表示说话时正在发生的事情。
- Please be quiet. The baby is sleeping.（请安静，宝宝在睡觉。）
- Look! It is raining outside.（看！外面正在下雨。）
- Listen! Someone is singing in the next room.（听！隔壁有人在唱歌。）
🎯 场景2：现阶段正在进行（但此刻不一定在做）
表示这段时间正在做某事，但说话的时刻不一定在做。
- I am reading a very interesting novel these days.（我最近在读一本很有趣的小说。）
- She is studying for the final exam this week.（她这周在为期末考试复习。）
- They are building a new house near the river.（他们正在河边盖新房子。）
🎯 场景3：表示近期安排好的将来动作
用现在进行时表示计划好的将来，常用于go, come, leave, arrive, start等动词。
- We are going to Beijing tomorrow.（我们明天要去北京。）
- My uncle is coming to dinner tonight.（我叔叔今晚来吃晚饭。）
- The train is leaving at 6 p.m.（火车下午6点出发。）
🎯 场景4：表示反复发生的动作（带有感情色彩）
与 always, forever, constantly 等词连用，表示经常发生且带有赞扬、不满等情感。
- He is always losing his keys!（他总是丢钥匙！—— 表示不满）
- She is always helping others.（她总是帮助别人。—— 表示赞扬）
- You are forever making the same mistake!（你老是犯同样的错误！）
🎯 场景5：表示渐变的过程
用于 get, become, turn, grow 等表示变化的动词。
- It is getting darker and darker.（天越来越黑了。）
- The leaves are turning yellow.（树叶在变黄。）
- My English is becoming better and better.（我的英语变得越来越好了。）
6. 📊 表格对比：现在进行时 vs 一般现在时
| 对比维度 | 现在进行时 (Present Continuous) | 一般现在时 (Simple Present) |
|---|---|---|
| 核心含义 | 正在发生、现阶段进行 | 经常发生、习惯、事实 |
| 构成 | be + 动词-ing | 动词原形 / 第三人称单数 |
| 时间词 | now, at the moment, look!, listen! | always, usually, often, every day |
| 例句 | He is reading now. | He reads every day. |
| 例句 | They are playing football. | They play football on Sundays. |
| 重点 | 此时此刻 | 经常如此 |
📝 对比例句
| 现在进行时 | 一般现在时 | 区别说明 |
|---|---|---|
| She is cooking now. | She cooks every day. | 现在在做饭 vs 每天做饭 |
| I am writing a letter. | I write letters to my pen pal. | 正在写 vs 有写信的习惯 |
| Look! The bus is coming. | The bus comes at 7:00. | 车来了 vs 车7点到 |
| He is wearing a blue shirt today. | He usually wears glasses. | 今天穿 vs 平时戴 |
7. ⏰ 常见时间标志词
| 标志词 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| now | 现在 | I am doing homework now. |
| right now | 立刻、现在 | He is sleeping right now. |
| at the moment | 此刻 | She is reading at the moment. |
| at present | 目前 | They are working at present. |
| these days | 这些天 | I am learning to swim these days. |
| this week/month | 这周/这个月 | We are studying hard this week. |
| Look! | 看！ | Look! The dog is running after a cat. |
| Listen! | 听！ | Listen! Someone is crying. |
| Be quiet! | 安静！ | Be quiet! The teacher is coming. |
| Don't | 别！ | Don't make noise! Dad is working. |
8. ⚠️ 易错点提醒
❌ 易错1：忘记加 be 动词
❌ He reading a book.
✅ He is reading a book.
🧠 原因：现在进行时必须有 be 动词！不能只写 doing。
❌ 易错2：be 动词用错
❌ I is singing.
✅ I am singing.
❌ She are dancing.
✅ She is dancing.
🧠 原因：be 动词必须与主语保持一致：I→am, 单数→is, 复数→are。
❌ 易错3：-ing 形式写错
❌ runing ❌ writting ❌ makeing
✅ running ✅ writing ✅ making
🧠 原因：没有掌握动词加-ing的四种变法。
❌ 易错4：与一般现在时混淆
❌ I am go to school every day.
✅ I go to school every day.
🧠 原因："每天去上学"是习惯，不是正在发生的事，要用一般现在时。
❌ 易错5：忘记疑问句的语序
❌ What you are doing?
✅ What are you doing?
🧠 原因：疑问句中 be 动词要提到主语前面！
❌ 易错6：不能用于进行时的动词（状态动词）
有些动词一般不用进行时，因为它们表示状态而不是动作：
| 类别 | 动词 |
|---|---|
| 感觉 | see, hear, smell, taste, feel |
| 思维 | know, believe, think, understand, forget |
| 情感 | love, like, hate, want, need, prefer |
| 拥有 | have, own, belong, possess |
❌ I am knowing the answer.
✅ I know the answer.❌ She is liking ice cream.
✅ She likes ice cream.
9. 🎮 趣味练习
✏️ 练习一：圈出正确的be动词
选择 am / is / are 填空：
- I _ watching TV now.
- She _ doing her homework.
- They _ playing basketball in the playground.
- The cat _ sleeping on the sofa.
- We _ having an English class.
答案： 1. am 2. is 3. are 4. is 5. are
🖊️ 练习二：动词变身赛（写出-ing形式）
| 动词原形 | -ing形式 |
|---|---|
| dance | __ |
| swim | __ |
| write | __ |
| sit | __ |
| make | __ |
| lie | __ |
| get | __ |
| study | __ |
答案： dancing, swimming, writing, sitting, making, lying, getting, studying
✂️ 练习三：改错小医生（Find and correct the mistakes）
⚕️ 以下句子都有一处错误，请找出并改正。
- He are playing football now.
- She am reading a book.
- Look! The bird is siting on the tree.
- I am writeing a letter.
- What is you doing?
答案：
1. are → is (He is playing...)
2. am → is (She is reading...)
3. siting → sitting (双写t)
4. writeing → writing (去e加ing)
5. is → are (What are you doing?)
🔄 练习四：把一般现在时改成现在进行时
| 一般现在时 | → 现在进行时 |
|---|---|
| He reads a book. | → He _ _ a book now. |
| They play basketball. | → They _ _ basketball at the moment. |
| I eat breakfast. | → I _ _ breakfast right now. |
| She dances. | → She _ _ in the room. |
答案：
→ He is reading a book now.
→ They are playing basketball at the moment.
→ I am eating breakfast right now.
→ She is dancing in the room.
🎯 练习五：看图写话（根据提示词写句子）
小明正在做以下几件事，请用现在进行时写出句子：
1.小明 / read / a book → _____
2.小明的妈妈 / cook / in the kitchen → ____
3.小明的爸爸 / watch / TV → _____
4.小明的妹妹 / play / with a doll → ____
参考答案：
1. Xiaoming is reading a book.
2. Xiaoming's mother is cooking in the kitchen.
3. Xiaoming's father is watching TV.
4. Xiaoming's sister is playing with a doll.
🇨🇳➡️🇬🇧 练习六：中译英
- 我正在喝水。
→ ________ - 她正在教室里唱歌。
→ ________ - 他们在哪里踢足球？
→ ________ - 我现在没看电视。
→ ________ - 听！有人在敲门。
→ ________
答案：
1. I am drinking water.
2. She is singing in the classroom.
3. Where are they playing football?
4. I am not watching TV now.
5. Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
🃏 练习七：用 now 和 every day 改写句子
将下列动词分别用于现在进行时和一般现在时：
| 动词 | 现在进行时 (now) | 一般现在时 (every day) |
|---|---|---|
| run | She __ now. | She __ every day. |
| write | I __ now. | I __ every day. |
| swim | They __ now. | They __ every day. |
| study | He __ now. | He __ every day. |
答案：
- She is running now. / She runs every day.
- I am writing now. / I write every day.
- They are swimming now. / They swim every day.
- He is studying now. / He studies every day.
10. 📝 课后作业
🏆 每题10分，共50分。试试看能拿多少分！
一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）
-
—What _ you doing?
—I _ reading a storybook.
A. are, am B. is, am C. are, is D. is, are -
Listen! The girls ____ in the next room.
A. sing B. sings C. are singing D. is singing -
My brother ____ a bike now.
A. ride B. is riding C. rides D. are riding -
It's 7 o'clock. We ____ breakfast.
A. have B. has C. is having D. are having -
—Is your mother cooking?
—____. She is cleaning the room.
A. Yes, she is B. No, she isn't C. Yes, she does D. No, she doesn't
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空（每题2分，共10分）
- Look! The children __ (play) in the park.
- My mother __ (cook) dinner in the kitchen now.
- _ Tom _ (run) on the playground?
- I _ (not do) my homework now. I _ (watch) TV.
- —What _ you _ (do) at the moment?
—I __ (write) an email.
三、按要求改写句子（每题2分，共10分）
-
She is dancing in the room. (改为否定句)
→ ______ -
They are playing basketball. (改为一般疑问句)
→ ______ -
The boy is reading a book. (对划线部分提问，划线部分：reading a book)
→ ______ -
I am listening to music. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
→ ______ -
He is sleeping. (用 now 写句子，已给出)
→ He _ _ now.
四、翻译句子（每题2分，共10分）
-
妈妈正在厨房里做饭。
→ ______ -
你正在做什么？我正在做作业。
→ ______ -
别说话！老师正在上课。
→ ______ -
这些天他们在学习英语。
→ ______ -
天越来越黑了。
→ ______
五、短文填空（每题2分，共10分）
用括号中动词的适当形式填空。
It's Sunday evening. My family _ (be) all at home. Look! My father _ (read) a newspaper. My mother _ (cook) in the kitchen. My sister _ (do) her homework. What about me? I __ (watch) TV. We are having a good time!
📋 课后作业答案
一、选择题
- A（What are you doing? I am reading...）
- C（表示"正在唱歌"，主语是复数）
- B（now提示进行时，my brother是第三人称单数）
- D（7点钟正在吃早饭，we是复数）
- B（问"你妈妈在做饭吗？"回答"不，她在打扫房间"）
二、动词填空
- are playing (Look!提示正在发生)
- is cooking (now提示进行时)
- Is, running (一般疑问句，Tom是单数)
- am not doing, am watching (否定+肯定)
- are, doing, am writing
三、改写句子
- She is not dancing in the room.
- Are they playing basketball?
- What is the boy doing?
- Are you listening to music? —— Yes, I am.
- He is sleeping now.
四、翻译句子
- Mom is cooking in the kitchen.
- What are you doing? I am doing my homework.
- Don't talk! The teacher is having class.
- They are learning English these days.
- It is getting darker and darker.
五、短文填空
It's Sunday evening. My family are all at home. Look! My father is reading a newspaper. My mother is cooking in the kitchen. My sister is doing her homework. What about me? I am watching TV. We are having a good time!
🌟 恭喜你完成了所有学习内容！
现在进行时其实很简单，记住三点：
1️⃣ be动词跟着主语变（am/is/are）
2️⃣ 动词要加-ing，变法有四种
3️⃣ 问句be提前，否定be后加not🎉 Keep practicing! You can do it!